Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment

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1. At the February 2012 and 2013 COT meetings, as part of the horizon scanning agenda items, the possibility of evaluating the adequacy of the 10fold uncertainty factor for interspecies variation was discussed in relation to developmental toxicity. This arose from the observation that humans appeared to be substantially more susceptible than the usual laboratory species used for developmental toxicity testing rats and rabbits to the teratogenic effects of some substances such as thalidomide. Indeed it was noted back in 1973 that “it is a disquieting fact that the animals most widely used in the testing of teratogenic effects of drugs, i.e., mouse, rat, rabbit, are relatively insensitive to this most potent human teratogen” (Wilson, 1973). In contrast, the difference was much smaller between non-human primates and humans, but most chemicals in food and the environment are not routinely studied in non-human primates. Reviews in the literature had indicated that humans were typically more susceptible than rats, mice and rabbits to known human developmental toxicants (Brown and Fabro, 1983; Newman et al., 1993; Schardein and Keller, 1989), and a 10-fold uncertainty factor applied to the most sensitive of these species did not appear to be adequate for a number of chemicals, i.e. this was not limited to thalidomide.

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تاریخ انتشار 2013